Louisville is a city in northern Cass County, Nebraska, United States. The population was 1,319 at the 2020 census. The first permanent settleā¦Louisville is a city in northern Cass County, Nebraska, United States. The population was 1,319 at the 2020 census. The first permanent settlement at Louisville was made in 1857. Louisville was platted in about 1870 when the Burlington & Missouri River Railroad was extended to that point. The community was likely named after the city of Louisville, Kentucky. A folk etymology maintains the name Louisville is derived from one Mr. Lois, the proprietor of a local gristmill. The current mayor of Louisville is Rodney Petersen, a lifelong resident of the city.